PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENANGKAL PETIR DAN PENTANAHAN ELEKTRODA ROD DAN PLAT PADA LABORATARIUM TEKNIK KONVERSI ENERGI

   Oleh : Makmur saini, A.M.Siddiq, Andareas Pangkung

              Dosen Program Studi  Konversi  Energi
              Politeknik Negeri   Ujung .Pandang

                    Dibiayai Dikti  Rp 85 Juta (Penelitian  Hibah Bersaing  2009 dan 2010 )

Abstract

The particular aims of this research are to produce a lighting arrester system and its grounded which is largely applied in industry, for example lighting arrester system and grounded guardhouse, transmission couplingwire channel and is applied in multistage building, neither public nor private property. Whereas, the long term purposes of this research are to develop curriculum, syllabus, laboratory tools, and also to increase abilities and quantities of graduate student continuously neither in Politeknik site nor outside it.

In this research, the lighting arrester and grounded system are made. The lighting arresters in the outside of the building structure function as to capture or to receive thunderclap attach and transfer it to land safely. In this research there are 5 depth electrode variation are made, they are 3 meters, 5 meters, 9 meters, 12 meters, and 5 plat electrode large-variation, they are 1x1 meters², 0,75x0,75meters², 0,5x0,5meters², 0,35x0,35meters², 0,25x0,25meters².

PENGEMBANGAN PERALATAN SIMULASI ALIRAN DAYA BERBASIS FAST DECOUPLED-DEPENDENT NEWTON-RAPHSON DENGAN PROGRAM INTERFACE-BASED DELPHI

 Oleh : Makmur saini, Remigius Tandioga, Andareas Pangkung

            Dosen Program Studi  Konvers Energi       
            Politeknik Negeri U.Pandang 

                  Dibiaya Dikti Rp 45 Juta (Penelitian  Hibah Bersaing 2008)

Abstract

On one hand, the particular objective of this research is to yield the software program in order to control efficiently the important aspects in electric power systems which can be implemented in industries. In the other hand, the long-term objective is to extend the curriculum, syllabi, laboratory facilities, and to improve the abilities and qualities of graduates continuously either within Ujung Pandang State Polytechnic or outside it. Method used to achieve these objectives is making, design and implementation which will be last two years respectively.

Automated Fault Analysis in the Indonesian Power Utility: A Case Study of South Sulawesi Transmission System

1. Mustarum Musaruddin
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Adelaide
Adelaide, Australia
e-mail : mustarum@eleceng.adelaide.edu.au
2 Rastko Zivanovic

School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Adelaide
Adelaide, Australia
e-mail : rastko@eleceng.adelaide.edu.au

Abstract—Data recorded during faults in transmission network are used by control centre personnel to analyze the protection  system and to decide on remedial actions that will restore normal  network operation as fast as possible. The increasing number of  installed digital fault recorders (DFRs) and other intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) in substations has resulted in a large  number of fault records to be analyzed by the power system  engineer. Manual analysis of these records is both timeconsuming  and complex and for these reasons, many records may  not be examined and much of their potential value would be lost.  Determining how to make effective analysis of these records is a  challenge being faced by many power utilities. The main purpose  of this paper is to propose enhancements to the manual  investigation of faults and disturbances that currently are  performed by engineers in the Indonesian power utilities. In this  paper, a new software framework for Automated Fault Analysis  is proposed based on Application Service Provider (ASP) technology, which has lately received special attention in the development of distributed systems. Demonstrations of the  following services currently implemented in the ASP are  presented: signal pre-processing, fault analysis and protection  performance analysis. The fault scenario from South Sulawesi transmission system is investigated to test the feature of the services

 Keywords: Automated Fault Analysis; Application Service Provide 

The Utilization of Digital Fault Recorders in Protection System Analysis on Tenaga Nasional Berhad Transmission System

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 22, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2007

Abdullah Asuhaimi Mohd Zin, Senior Member, IEEE, and Sazali P. Abdul Karim

Abstract—The protection system is a very critical element in a power system. It is security to the power system for isolating only the faulty plant as fast as possible. A simple fault can lead to a cascade of tripping if it is not isolated accurately and fast enough by the protection system. Furthermore, protection system analysis is a  complicated task for inexperienced engineers. Most of the analysis relied mainly on the relay indications which could lead to incorrect analysis due to the uncertainty of the correct relay operations and  time tagging. Therefore, it is an urgent requirement to explore protection  system analysis to improve system reliability. This paper  describes a method of early detection of protection system failures  in Tenaga Nasional Berhad’s  Transmission Grid using digital fault  recorders. The method has demonstrated to be more accurate, thus
enabling faster decision making and shorter interruption time. Index Terms—Digital fault recorder (DFR), hidden failures, protection  system analysis (PSA).

The Application of Fault Signature Analysis in Tenaga Nasional Berhad Malaysia

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY, VOL. 22, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2007

Abdullah Asuhaimi Mohd Zin, Senior Member, IEEE, and Sazali P. Abdul Karim

Abstract—Unplanned electrical power outages are a major concern to power utilities throughout the whole world. Unfortunately,power outages will continue to occur and they cannot be fully prevented.It could be the result of lightning strikes, tree encroachment,or equipment failure. However, the impact can be reduced

if power system operators are equipped with the appropriate tools to analyze the root cause of the failure. Without sufficient tools to identify the nature of a fault, the restoration process could be delayed because the operator does not know whether it is safe to normalize  the isolated line. This paper describes the new and simplified fault signature analysis approach on Tenaga Nasional Berhad  using a digital fault recorder. The research focuses on the contribution  of the lightning strike and tree encroachment to the overhead  line tripping in Malaysia.Index Terms—Blackout, digital fault recorder (DFR), fault signature  analysis (FSA).

A Survey of Particle Swarm Optimization Applications in Electric Power Systems

M. R. AlRashidi, Student Member, IEEE, and M. E. El-Hawary, Fellow, IEEE

Abstract—Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has received increased attention in many research fields recently. This paper presents a comprehensive coverage of different PSO applications in solving optimization problems in the area of electric power systems. It highlights the PSO key features and advantages over other various optimization algorithms. Furthermore, recent trends with regard to PSO development in this area are explored.
This paper also discusses PSO possible future applications in the area of electric power systems and its potential theoretical studies. Index Terms—Particle swarm optimization (PSO), power system control, power system operations

A New Optimizer Using Particle Swarm Theory

Russell Eberhart
Purdue School of Engineering and Technology
Indianapolis, IN 46202-5 160
eberhart@ engr.iupui.edu

 James Kennedy
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, DC 20212
kennedyj @pol.ocsp.bls.gov

 ABSTRACT

The optimization of nonlinear functions using particle swarm methodology is described. Implementations of two paradigms are discussed and compared, including a recently developed locally oriented paradigm. Benchmark testing of both paradigms is described, and applications, including neural network training and robot task learning, are proposed. Relationships between particle swarm optimization and both artificial life and evolutionary computation are reviewed.

On-line Fault Detection of Transmission Line Using Artificial Neural Network

S. M. El Safty, H. A. Ashour, H.El Dessouki and M. El Sawaf
 Abstract:
As the voltage and current waveforms are deformed due to transient during faults, their pattern changes according to the type of fault, The Artificial Neural Network  (ANN) can then be used for fault detection due to its  distinguished behavior in pattern recognition. In order to  minimize the structure and timing of the ANN, preprocessing of  the voltage and current waveforms was done. The data delivered from a simulated power system using PSCAD (EMTP with cad  system) was used for training and testing the ANN. An  experimental setup, consists of a 3 phase power supply module and transmission line module, is utilized. A set of signal  conditioning circuits is designed and implemented in order to transfer data to a PC which is used as an on-line relay for fault  detection. This is done via a data acquisition card (CIODAS1602/   12). The Matlab program captures and processes real  data for training the ANN. Applying different types of faults for  testing the system, right tripping action was taken and the type  of fault was correctly identified. The suggested artificial neural  network algorithm has been found simple and effective hence  could be implemented in practical application.

Murari Mohan Saha • Jan Izykowski Eugeniusz Rosolowski : Fault Location on Power Networks

Preface

Electric power systems, which are growing in size and complexity, will be always  exposed to failures of their components. In the case of a failure, the faulty element  should be disconnected from the rest of the sound system in order to minimize the damage of the faulty element and to remove the emergency situation for the entire system. This action should be taken fast and accurately and is accomplished by a set of automatic protective relaying devices. At the same time, when a fault occurs on a line (distribution or transmission), it is very important for the  utility to identify the fault location as quickly as possible for improving the  service   reliability.     If a fault location cannot be identified quickly and this produces prolonged line outage during a period of peak load, severe economic losses  may  occur    and   reliability

JOURNAL FAULT LOCATION ON TRANSMISSION OVERHEAD LINE (ABSTRACT)

        1. Moghadas, A.A., Shadaram, M., 2010. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Fault Detection in Radial and Network Transmission Lines. Sensors 10, 9407-9423.
Abstract: In this paper, a fiber optic based sensor capable of fault detection in both radial and network overhead transmission power line systems is investigated. Bragg wavelength shift is used to measure the fault current and detect fault in power systems. Magnetic fields generated by currents in the overhead transmission lines cause a strain in magnetostrictive material which is then detected by Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). The Fiber Bragg interrogator senses the reflected FBG signals, and the Bragg wavelength shift is calculated and the signals are processed. A broadband light source in the control room scans the shift in the reflected signal. Any surge in the magnetic field relates to an increased fault current at a certain location. Also, fault location can be precisely defined with an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. This algorithm can be easily coordinated with other protective devices. It is shown that the faults in the overhead transmission line cause a detectable wavelength shift on the reflected signal of FBG and can be used to detect and classify different kind of faults. The proposed method has been extensively tested by simulation and results confirm that the proposed scheme is able to detect different kinds of fault in both radial and network system

JOURNAL FAULT DETECTION ON TRANSMISSION ( ABSTRACT )

      1.   Moghadas, A.A., Shadaram, M., 2010. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Fault Detection in Radial and Network Transmission Lines. Sensors 10, 9407-9423.
Abstract: In this paper, a fiber optic based sensor capable of fault detection in both radial and network overhead transmission power line systems is investigated. Bragg wavelength shift is used to measure the fault current and detect fault in power systems. Magnetic fields generated by currents in the overhead transmission lines cause a strain in magnetostrictive material which is then detected by Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). The Fiber Bragg interrogator senses the reflected FBG signals, and the Bragg wavelength shift is calculated and the signals are processed. A broadband light source in the control room scans the shift in the reflected signal. Any surge in the magnetic field relates to an increased fault current at a certain location. Also, fault location can be precisely defined with an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. This algorithm can be easily coordinated with other protective devices. It is shown that the faults in the overhead transmission line cause a detectable wavelength shift on the reflected signal of FBG and can be used to detect and classify different kind of faults. The proposed method has been extensively tested by simulation and results confirm that the proposed scheme is able to detect different kinds of fault in both radial and network system

JOURNAL EARLY DETECTION ON TRANSMISSION

.                           Mark, W. D., Lee, H., Patrick, R., and Coker, J. D., Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 24(8), 2807 (2010).
Ref Type: Journal
Ref ID: 1
Abstract: Fixed transducers often are used to monitor meshing gear pairs in order to detect tooth damage A simple frequency-domain damage-detection algorithm is suggested for very early detection of such damage. Ratios of rotational-harmonic amplitudes computed from before and after potential damage are utilized to eliminate effects of transducer and structural-path-caused amplitude changes between tooth-meshing location and transducer output, to minimize attenuating effects of multiple-tooth contact, and thereby, to approximately equally weight rotational-harmonic amplitudes over a wide range of harmonics. Statistical averaging of absolute values of logarithmic ratios of rotational-harmonic amplitudes is used to minimize fluctuations caused by multiple-tooth contact and manufacturing errors on the subject gear. Synchronous averaging is employed to minimize effects of noise and manufacturing errors on the mating gear. Time-windowing tailored to contact ratios of mating gears is utilized to isolate individual tooth locations. Resultant windowing effects on availability of useful rotational harmonics are analyzed. Application of the algorithm to detection of seeded bending-fatigue faults on a planetary ring-gear tooth indicates that successful detections were achieved. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Electrical Fault Detection in Power Systems by ANN structures

  MICHAŁ SZEWCZYK ADRIAN HALINKA Institute of Power Systems and Control  Silesian University of Technology ul. B. Krzywoustego 2 POLAND

Abstract: Nowadays used power system protections are worked out to get the properties of digital technology. This improves the reliability and functionality of protection devices by increasing the number of possible information received from protected object,  self testing, monitoring and logging the events. However the decision parts of such systems are still based on commonly used principles defined already for analog protection devices. The exceeding of threshold value cause the generation of respectively logical signals (mainly “0” and “1”) which are adequately interpreted as “normal” and “faulty” conditions of protected object. Such approach to making a decision, considerably narrow down the area of recognized states. One of the methods to define of decision system, not based on the above mentioned principle, is the use of artificial neural networks (ANN). In the paper a model of decision system based on ANN, will be shown. As protected object the generator-transformer unit has been taking into consideration. The range of detected faults are initially narrows to faults of electromagnetic character (three-phase, two-phase, two-phase to earth and one-phase faults) within the generator – unit transformer – high voltage transmission line configuration.

Keywords: Artificial neural network, power system protection, electrical fault detection, generator-transformer unit.